Core Conclusion: The amount of export tax rebate is determined by three numbers: tax calculation basis (the fob price of export goods used by production enterprises, the amount of VAT excluded for goods purchased by foreign trade enterprises), tax rebate rate (unified query in the national tax rebate rate library according to HS code, common grades 13%, 9% and 0%) and conversion exchange rate.Example: Foreign trade enterprises purchase an amount of 1 million yuan excluding tax, the tax refund rate is 9%, and the tax refundable amount is 90,000 yuan; the difference between the tax rate of 13% and the tax refund rate of 9% is precipitated as a cost, and the gross profit cannot be calculated based on the full input tax refund at the time of quotation.
Step 1: Check the refund rate by HS code
The tax refund rate is not based on the product name or industry practice, and is only implemented according to the gear in the corresponding tax rate library of the customs commodity code (HS code).The inquiry entrance is the export tax refund rate library of the State Administration of Taxation (both the Electronic Taxation Bureau and the official website of the State Administration of Taxation can access): enter the 10-digit product code, and return the VAT refund rate, consumption tax refund rate and applicable policy type corresponding to the code.Three easy points to make mistakes: First, the tax rates of different codes with the same name may be different. If the tax refund is classified incorrectly, it is wrong. If it is not accurate, a classification pre-judgment will be made in a single window. Second, the tax rate will be adjusted with the policy. When accepting long-term orders, it should be checked again in the current period. Third, the tax refund rate of 0% and "no tax refund" are two different things -- 0% means that according to the policy, no tax refund is refunded but no tax is levied (regarded as tax exemption or no tax refund). The specific applicable type is subject to the library label.
II. Step 2: Confirm the tax calculation basis and calculation formula
Two identities Two formulas. Foreign Trade Enterprises (Tax Exemption Measures) : Tax refundable amount = The amount indicated on the special VAT invoice for imported and exported goods (excluding tax) × tax refund rate.The key to this formula is based on the purchase invoice amount, which has nothing to do with how much money is sold for export - foreign trade companies selling low and buying high will not change the tax refund amount. Production Enterprises (Exemption and Refund Measures) : Exemption and Refund Amount = FOB of Exported Goods × RMB Conversion Rate of Foreign Exchange × Refund Rate, and then compared with the amount of overpaid tax at the end of the current period, the smaller is taken as the amount of tax to be refunded for the current period, and the difference is the amount of tax to be refunded.The calculation of production enterprises involves internal offsetting, and the logic is more complicated, but the underlying variables are still fob amount, exchange rate and tax rebate rate.
| Computing Elements | Manufacturing Enterprises (Tax Free) | Foreign Trade Enterprises (Tax Free) |
|---|---|---|
| Tax calculation according to | Export goods fob price × conversion rate | Purchased goods VAT special invoice excluding tax |
| Tax rate value | Check tax rate by HS code Library | Same as left | Q
| Compare with who | QCompare with the tax credit amount at the end of the current period Take small | direct calculation, no need to compare |
III. Step 3: Calculate a complete account
uses an example of a foreign trade enterprise to complete the accounting: purchasing a batch of goods, the special VAT invoice indicates the price of 1 million yuan, the tax amount is 130,000 yuan, the price tax is 1.13 million yuan; the export tax rebate rate of the product is 9%, the export fob price is 200,000 yuan, which is converted into about 1.348 million yuan at the midpoint price of 6.74 in the current period.
- Tax refundable amount: 1 million yuan × 9% = 90,000 yuan
- refund difference: The difference between the 13% tax rate and the 9% tax refund rate is 4 percentage points, corresponding to 40,000 yuan, is included in the cost , can not enter the gross profit calculation
- : After the refund of 90,000 yuan arrives in the account, the actual tax cost borne by the business is 40,000 yuan. When quoting, treat it as if it were the cost of materials.
quotation link is on this difference: the difference of 4% is the cost to be settled, which must be added to the quotation; many factories default "input tax can be fully refunded" when calculating gross profit, and all 13 points are calculated as profit margins. As a result, each order earns 4 points less than the book, and is not accounted for at the end of the year.Conversely, the tax rebate rate of 13% is the same as the tax rate of the category, the tax rebate amount is equal to all the input tax, and the input tax can be restored in full from the cost at the time of quotation, which is the root cause of the profit difference of several points between the categories with the same sales of 1 million and different tax rebate rates.
Four, three common errors in pulling down the amount on hand
- invoice information is inconsistent with the customs declaration form: the product name, quantity, unit and customs declaration form of the input invoice are not correct, the review link will be returned directly, and the tax refund time point will be moved back as a whole.Checking the invoice fields by customs declaration dimension before shipment is the most economical 10 minutes.
- Missed filing period: The normal filing period of is the VAT filing period from the month following the date of export declaration to April 30 of the following year; there is a remedy channel within 36 months after the expiration date, but remittance collection materials must be provided at the same time, and more than 36 months shall be deemed as domestic taxation.Term management is much more important than calculation skills.
- Remittance collection is not standardized: According to the regulations, remittance collection is one of the conditions for tax refund (exemption). If you use irregular routes such as private accounts or third-party collection, you will get stuck when you declare.The remittance collection path should be designed before placing the order, do not wait to fill it when declaring.
daily management recommends the establishment of a "tax refund account": the export date, HS code, tax refund rate, fob amount, exchange rate, invoice amount, tax refundable amount, declaration and arrival time are collected by the customs declaration number.After the ledger is built, the monthly tax refund amount can be estimated in advance, and the cash flow arrangement is no longer guessed.
V. Frequently Asked Questions
1. Where do I find my refund rate and how often do I update it?
The export tax refund rate library of the State Administration of Taxation, inquired by the 10-digit HS code.Updated time is adjusted according to tax policy, there is no fixed cycle; long-cycle orders are re-checked before each declaration, and only the tax rate found at the time of order is used for year-round assumptions.
2. What are the "exemptions, credits, and refunds" for production enterprises?
is exempt, indicating that the link is exempt from VAT; offsetting means that the tax payable on domestic sales can be offset with the corresponding input tax on exports; refunding means that there is still an outstanding input tax after the offsetting, which is refunded after comparing with the tax offset.Three is three steps in the same set of calculations, not three policies.
3. How long does it generally take to receive a refund?
If the application materials are complete and undoubted, most regions will complete the review and return of the warehouse within a few working days according to the application batch, and the caliber varies from place to place; the first application, being checked by sampling or having doubts about the documents will be significantly lengthened.Based on the actual timeframe of the competent tax authority, the cash flow budget is conservatively estimated according to the "Next tax cycle after filing".
For factories that make export quotes and fund calculations, tax refunds are recognized in only three numbers: tax calculation basis, tax refund rate, exchange rate - three numbers enter the ledger, and the amount obtained is a multiplication question, not a monthly suspense.
